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Notícies :: xarxa i llibertat |
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Aprobada la propuesta sobre patentes de 'software' con el rechazo de España |
Enviat per geek
Publicador* Original: El Mundo |
El Consejo de Competitividad de la UE alcanzó un acuerdo polÃtico sobre la directiva de patentabilidad de las invenciones aplicadas en ordenador, con el voto en contra de España, que no constató suficientes garantÃas para evitar que la norma permita patentes de programas informáticos.
La presidencia irlandesa y la Comisión Europea introdujeron enmiendas para satisfacer a Bélgica, Alemania, Italia y otros Estados reticentes. Pero el secretario de Estado español de Asuntos Europeos, Alberto Navarro, "tras consultar con Madrid", decidió mantener su voto negativo.
En rueda de prensa, Navarro justificó el voto al hecho de que "este es un tema muy sensible" en aquellas comunidades autónomas cuya administración "utilizan 'software' libre" (AndalucÃa, Extremadura y Valencia)-, aunque reconoció que las enmiendas "constituyen un gran avance" y no descartó que España reconsidere su posición "tras estudiar detenidamente como ha quedado el texto".
La propuesta, que ha suscitado el rechazo de los defensores del 'software' libre, está aún pendiente de la segunda lectura en el Parlamento Europeo. Desde Proinnova afirmaron que "el texto aprobado supone, caso de terminar el trámite de codecisión, la introducción de las patentes de 'software' en Europa".
Según un comunicado del Ministerio de Industria, la posición española se justifica tanto porque la actual redacción no refleja suficientemente algunas de las enmiendas del Parlamento Europeo, en particular el alcance del concepto de la 'patentabilidad', asà como la poca definición del concepto de 'contribución técnica' objeto de regulación de la futura Directiva.
En este sentido, el Gobierno de España considera que no están claramente expuestas las ventajas de la protección que brinda la patentabilidad, ya que existe una normativa de derechos de autor de los programas de ordenador.
Contenido de la propuesta
La directiva tiene como objetivo armonizar la forma en que los derechos nacionales de patentes tratan las invenciones ejecutadas por ordenador.
El texto adoptado asegura, según la Comisión Europea, la claridad jurÃdica y "evita toda deriva hacia la patentabilidad de los métodos de gestión o de programas informáticos que no aportan ninguna contribución técnica".
Finalmente se incluyó en uno de sus artÃculos una referencia especÃfica a que un programa de ordenador como tal no puede constituir una invención patentable. Para ser patentable, una invención ejecutada por ordenador deberá ser susceptible de aplicación industrial nueva y suponer una actividad inventiva. Es decir, que deberá aportar una contribución cientÃfica.
En este sentido, no se considerará que una invención ejecutada por ordenador aporta una contribución técnica por el solo hecho de que implique este aparato, u otro de tipo programable.
Valoración de la Comisión
El comisario europeo de Mercado Interior, Frits Bolkestein, consideró que el acuerdo es una etapa importante hacia la adopción de esta directiva de manera que contribuya a reforzar la competitividad europea y asegure el buen funcionamiento del mercado interior, según un comunicado.
Además, consideró "una cuestión de sentido común vigilar para que las invenciones no sean excluidas de la protección de una patente sólo porque requieren 'software' informáticos".
Durante los debates, algunos paÃses también quisieron dejar claro que esta directiva no debe socavar la interoperatividad entre los sistemas informáticos.
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